Multiple good studies agree. Treat as settled.
Tirzepatide has the bigger number: 20.2% against 13.7%, in one open-label, Lilly-funded trial. Semaglutide has the bigger trial: 17,604 people and a fifth fewer heart attacks and strokes. Which matters depends on what you are trying to lose.
In 114 trials, people who lifted and changed nothing about their diet lost fat and gained muscle at the same time. The hard part is not the recomp. It is the deficit you chose to hurry it.
The largest review ever done on it says exercise helps chronic back pain, with moderate certainty. The same body of research says something very different about a new episode — and almost nothing about which exercise.
One of the few things in the supplement aisle with an umbrella review behind it. Here is the dose, the timing, the size of the effect — and the one thing it is not doing.
572 studies and 486,538 cancer cases say yes, with a clear dose-response. The protective effect of moderate drinking disappeared once studies stopped counting sick quitters as non-drinkers.
Across 121 randomised trials the strength effect was large. The effect on everyday physical ability, from the same review, was small. Both numbers are real and you should have been given both.
A diet nobody markets beat 21 other lifestyle interventions. The best exercise was a wall sit. And the supplements sold for blood pressure came last, by their own numbers.
Fitness falls about 4.0 mL/kg/min a decade. Interval training adds about 5.5. The catch is that the device on your wrist misses by more than that.
Twenty-eight trials say psyllium lowers LDL cholesterol. Six say it takes off 4.6 pounds, and the company that makes Metamucil counted them. Semaglutide moved 28.
Across 49 randomised trials, protein supplementation added 0.66 lb of fat-free mass. Real, and a fraction of what the tub implies. Without resistance training, two separate meta-analyses find it does nothing at all.